Amendment Tracking
Companies Act — Changes
Visual diff of amendments between annual revisions, with redlining.
Revision History — Select a period
Amendment Diff
2002 Revision → 2004 Revision
31 modified
Revision History — Select a period
s.1Short title
MODIFIEDThis Law may be cited as the Companies Law (2004 Revision). Short title
s.2Definitions and interpretation
MODIFIED(1) In this Law- Definitions and interpretation “Authority” means the Cayman Islands Monetary Authority established under section 3(1) of the Monetary Authority Law (2004 Revision), and includes a person acting under the Authority’s authorisation; 2004 Revision “bearer share” means a share in the capital of any company incorporated in the Islands which- (a) is represented by a certificate that does not record the owner’s name; and (b) is transferable by delivery of the certificate; “Court” means the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands; “company” except where the context excludes exempted companies, means a company formed and registered under this Law or an existing company; “currency” includes the ECU and any unit of account used at any time by the European Monetary Fund; “custodian” means- (a) “an authorised custodian” who is a person licensed under the Companies Management Law (2003 Revision) to act as a custodian of bearer shares or a bank or trust company licensed under the Banks and Trust Companies Law (2003 Revision); or 2003 Revisions (b) “a recognised custodian” which is an investment exchange or clearing organisation operating a securities clearance or settlement system and carrying on business in a country specified in
s.3Registrar
MODIFIED(1) The Governor shall, by instrument under the Public Seal, appoint a Registrar and a Deputy Registrar of Companies for the purposes of this Law, and the Deputy Registrar may, in the absence of the Registrar, act as Registrar for all purposes of this Law. Registrar (2) Without divesting the Registrar of any of his powers or duties the Financial Secretary may authorise by name any officer in the Registrar’s department to exercise and perform any of such powers and duties under the direction and control of the Registrar and may, at any time, vary or revoke such authorisation. 14 Companies Law (2004 Revision)
s.7Memorandum of association
MODIFIED(1) The memorandum of association shall, subject to subsections (2), (3) and (4) and to sections 8 and 9, contain- Memorandum of association (a) the name of the proposed company, with the addition, in the case of any company not being an exempted company or a company formed on the principle of having no limit placed on the liability of its members, in this Law referred to as an unlimited company, of the word “Limited” or the abbreviation “Ltd.” as the last word in such name; and (b) the part of the Islands in which the registered office of the company is proposed to be situate. (2) No subscriber shall take less than one share. (3) Each subscriber of the memorandum of association shall write opposite to his name the number of shares he takes. (4) The memorandum of association may specify objects for which the proposed company is to be established and may provide that the business of the company shall be restricted to the furtherance of the specified objects. If no objects are specified or if objects are specified but the business of the company is 15 Companies Law (2004 Revision) not restricted to the furtherance of those objects, then the company shall have full power and the authority to carry out any object not prohibited by this or any other Law.
s.9Company limited by guarantee
MODIFIED(1) Subject to subsection (2), where a company is formed on the principle of having the liability of its members limited to such amount as the members respectively undertake to contribute to the assets of the company in the event of the same being wound up, (in this Law referred to as a company limited by guarantee), the memorandum of association shall also contain a declaration that each member undertakes to contribute to the assets of the company, in the event of the same being wound up during the time that he is a member, or within one year afterwards, for payment of the debts and liabilities of the company contracted before the time at which he ceases to be a member, and of the costs, Company limited by guarantee 16 Companies Law (2004 Revision) charges and expenses of the winding up of the company, and for the adjustment of the rights of the contributories amongst themselves, such amount as may be required, not exceeding a specific amount to be therein named. (2) Where such a company has more than one class of member, the memorandum of association may contain a declaration that in a winding up of the company the amount of the undertaking of the members of a particular class shall be unlimited. (3) A company limited by guarantee may have a share capital.
s.13Power of company limited by shares to alter its share capital
MODIFIED(1) A company limited by shares or a company limited by guarantee and having a share capital, if so authorised by its articles, may alter the conditions of its memorandum to- Power of company limited by shares to alter its share capital (a) increase its share capital by new shares of such amount as it thinks expedient: Provided that an exempted company having no shares of a fixed amount may increase its share capital by such number of shares without nominal or par value, or may increase the 17 Companies Law (2004 Revision) aggregate consideration for which such shares may be issued, as it thinks expedient; (b) consolidate and divide all or any of its share capital into shares of larger amount than its existing shares; (c) convert all or any of its paid-up shares into stock, and reconvert that stock into paid-up shares of any denomination; (d) subdivide its shares or any of them, into shares of an amount smaller than that fixed by the memorandum, so, however, that in the subdivision the proportion between the amount paid and the amount, if any, unpaid on each reduced share shall be the same as it was in case of the share from which the reduced share is derived; and (e) cancel shares which, at the date of the passing of the resolution in that behalf, have not been taken or agreed to be taken by any person, and diminish the amount of its share capital by the amount of the shares so cancelled or, in the case of shares without nominal or par value, diminish the number of shares into which its capital is divided. Paragraphs (b), (c) and (d) shall have no application to shares without nominal o r par value. (2) The powers conferred by subsection (1) may not be exercised except by a resolution of the members of the company. (3) If a currency in which any of the capital of a company limited by shares or by guarantee is replaced by the euro, the provisions of the company’s memorandum of association and articles of association shall automatically be altered so as to re-denominate in euros the capital that is denominated in the replaced currency, at the conversion rate specified in, or otherwise calculated in accordance with, the relevant regulations adopted by the Council of the European Union, and the company, by resolution of the directors, may- (a) take such action to round up or down the euro nominal or par value of each share in the company or the euro guarantee amount to such multiple of the euro as the directors may deem appropriate; (b) notwithstanding the requirement for a special resolution in section 31, if the name of the company includes a reference to a currency replaced by the euro, or an abbreviation thereof- (i) alter the name of the company to delete the reference or to substitute the reference with a reference to the euro or an abbreviation thereof; and 18 Companies Law (2004 Revision) (ii) add such further distinguishing wording as the directors consider appropriate; and (c) if the memorandum of association or articles of association of the company include a reference or references to a currency replaced by the euro, alter any or all such references in either or both of the memorandum of association and the articles of association by substituting such references with references to the euro or an abbreviation thereof. (4) A company may, by resolution of the directors, reverse or vary the re- denomination of currency or any other action taken under subsection (3). (5) A copy of any resolution passed under subsection (3) or (4) shall be forwarded to the Registrar within fifteen days and shall be recorded by him. (6) A cancellation of shares or a rounding down of the nominal or par value of shares under this section shall not be deemed to be a reduction of share capital within the meaning of this Law. (7) If any action is taken by the company under paragraph (a) of subsection (3) to- (a) round up the euro nominal or par value of any issued share in the company, then an amount equal to the increase in nominal or par value of that share shall be transferred from the share premium account or from the profit and loss account (as the directors shall, in their discretion, determine) and shall thereafter be deemed to be and treated as paid up share capital of the company; or (b) round down the euro nominal or par value of any issued share in the company, then an amount equal to the decrease in the nominal or par value of that share shall be transferred from the paid up share capital of the company to the share premium account and shall thereafter be deemed to be and treated as share premium for the purposes of this Law.
s.14Special resolution for reduction of share capital
MODIFIED(1) Subject to section 37 and to confirmation by the Court, a company limited by shares or a company limited by guarantee and having a share capital may, if so authorised by its articles, by special resolution reduce its share capital in any way, and in particular (but without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power) may- Special resolution for reduction of share capital (a) extinguish or reduce the liability on any of its shares in respect of share capital not paid up; (b) either with or without extinguishing or reducing liability on any of its shares, cancel any paid-up share capital which is lost or unrepresented by available assets; or 19 Companies Law (2004 Revision) (c) either with or without extinguishing or reducing liability of any of its shares, pay off any paid-up share capital which is in excess of the needs of the company, and may, if and so far as is necessary, alter its memorandum by reducing the amount of its share capital and of its shares accordingly. (2) A special resolution under subsection (1) is, in this Law, referred to as “a resolution for reducing share capital”.
s.17Registration of order and minute of reduction
MODIFIED(1) The Registrar, on delivery to him of a copy of an order of the Court confirming the reduction of the share capital of a company, and of a minute approved by the Court, showing, with respect to the share capital of the company as altered by the order, the amount of the share capital, the number of shares into which it is to be divided and the amount of each share, and the amount, if any, at the date of the registration of the order and minute deemed to be paid up on each share, shall register the order and minute. Registration of order and minute of reduction (2) On the registration of the order and minute, and not earlier, the resolution for reducing share capital as confirmed by the order so registered shall take effect. (3) Notice of the registration shall be published in such manner as the Court may direct. (4) The Registrar shall certify under his hand the registration of the order and minute, and his certificate shall be conclusive evidence that all the requirements of this Law with respect to reduction of share capital have been 21 Companies Law (2004 Revision) complied with, and that the share capital of the company is such as is stated in the minute. (5) The minute, when registered, shall be deemed to be substituted for the corresponding part of the memorandum, and shall be valid and alterable as if it had been originally contained therein.
s.25Adoption and effect of articles of association
MODIFIED(1) If the memorandum of association is accompanied by articles of association the articles shall be signed by each subscriber to the memorandum in the presence of and be attested by at least one witness. Adoption and effect of articles of association 23 Companies Law (2004 Revision) (2) If the memorandum of association is not accompanied by articles of association, the company may, subject to the conditions contained in the memorandum of association, adopt articles of association which shall be signed by each existing member of the company in the presence of and be attested by at least one witness, or may, by passing a special resolution under section 60, adopt articles of association. (3) When registered the said articles of association shall bind the company and the members thereof to the same extent as if each member had subscribed his name and affixed his seal thereto, and there were in such articles contained a covenant on the part of himself, his heirs, executors and administrators to conform to all the regulations contained in such articles subject to this Law; and all monies payable by any member to the company in pursuance of the conditions or regulations shall be deemed to be a debt due from such member to the company. General Provisions
s.27Consequences of incorporation
MODIFIED(1) Upon the filing of the memorandum of association a company shall be deemed to be registered, and the Registrar shall issue a certificate under his hand and seal of office that the company is incorporated with effect from the date of the registration of the memorandum of association and, in the case of a limited company, that the company is limited. Consequences of incorporation (2) From the date of incorporation, the subscribers of the memorandum of association, together with such other persons as may, from time to time, become members of the company, shall be a body corporate by the name contained in the memorandum of association, capable forthwith of exercising all the functions of a natural person of full capacity irrespective of any question of corporate benefit, and having perpetual succession with power to hold lands but with such liability on the part of the members to contribute to the assets of the company in the event of its being wound up as is provided in this Law. This subsection applies to companies incorporated before, on or after the 18th January, 1988. (3) A certificate of incorporation of a company issued under this Law shall be conclusive evidence that compliance has been made with all the requirements of this Law in respect of incorporation and registration. 25 Companies Law (2004 Revision) (4) Every copy of a memorandum or articles of association filed and registered in accordance with this Law or any extract therefrom certified under the hand and seal of office of the Registrar as a true copy shall be received in evidence in any court of the Islands without further proof.
s.30Restrictions on registration of certain names
MODIFIED(1) No company shall be registered by a name which- Restrictions on registration of certain names (a) is identical with that by which a company in existence is already registered or so nearly resembles that name as to be calculated to deceive, except where the company in existence is in the course of being dissolved and signified its consent in such manner as the Registrar requires; (b) contains the words “Chamber of Commerce” unless the company is a company which is to be registered under a licence granted by the Governor under section 80 without the addition of the word “Limited” or the abbreviation “Ltd.” to its name; or (c) contains the words “building society”. (2) Except with the consent of the Registrar, no company shall be registered by a name which- 26 Companies Law (2004 Revision) (a) contains the words “royal”, “imperial” or “empire” or in the opinion of the Registrar suggests, or is calculated to suggest the patronage of Her Majesty or of any member of the Royal Family or connection with Her Majesty’s Government or any department thereof in the United Kingdom or elsewhere; (b) contains the words “municipal” or “chartered” or any words which in the opinion of the Registrar suggest, or are calculated to suggest, connection with any public board or other local authority or with any society or body incorporated by Royal Charter; or (c) contains the words “co-operative”, “assurance”, “bank”, “insurance” or any similar word which in the opinion of the Registrar connotes any of such activities or any derivative of any of such four words or of such similar words, whether in English or in any other language, or in the opinion of the Registrar suggests or is calculated to suggest any of such activities. (3) A company that is not an exempted limited duration company shall not be registered by a name which includes at its end “Limited Duration Company” or “LDC”.
s.32Section 32
MODIFIED(1) A company which is empowered by any law or by its articles of association to issue bearer shares, certificates or coupons, has no power to hold land in the Islands: Company with power to issue bearer shares not to hold land in the Islands 27 Companies Law (2004 Revision) Provided that the Financial Secretary may, at his discretion, in the case of an exempt company so empowered that has never issued bearer shares, certificates o r coupons, exempt that company in writing from subsection (1) for as long as it does not issue bearer shares, certificates or coupons. (2) If a company is in breach of subsection (1), section 205(2), (3) and (4) shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to the company as if it were a foreign company which had failed to comply with Part IX. (3) In this section- “hold land” means to be the proprietor of a legal or beneficial interest in or clai m to, or over immovable property whether freehold or leasehold and includes being the proprietor of a legal or beneficial interest in the equity capital of a company which holds land; and “equity capital” with respect to company includes shares, stock and scrip whethe r registered, inscribed or bearer which (other than by way of a fixed and p redetermined right to interest and repayment of subscribed capital at par) entitles the owner to any variable right of participation in the profits of the compan y whether by way of dividend, bonus or conversion, or to share in the distribution o f the assets of the company upon a winding up.
s.33Share or interest in company to be personalty
MODIFIED(1) A share or other interest of a member in a company- Share or interest in company to be personalty (a) is personal estate and not of the nature of real estate; and (b) is capable of being transferred if- (i) a transfer is expressly or impliedly permitted by the regulations of the company; and (ii) any restriction or condition on the transfer of the shares or interest set out in the regulations of the company is observed. (2) The shares in a company having a capital divided into shares must each be distinguished by an appropriate number except that if, at any time- (a) all the issued shares in the company; or (b) all the issued shares in the company of a particular class, are fully paid up and rank pari passu for all purposes, none of those shares nee d thereafter have a distinguishing number so long as it remains fully paid up an d 28 Companies Law (2004 Revision) ranks pari passu for all purposes with all the shares in the company or all the shares of the particular class of shares, as the case may be, for the time being issued and fully paid up. (3) A company limited by shares, or a company limited by guarantee and having a share capital, if so authorised by its articles, may issue fractions of a share and, unless and to the extent otherwise provided in its articles, a fraction of a share shall be subject to and carry the corresponding fraction of liabilities (whether with respect to nominal or par value, premium, contribution, calls or otherwise howsoever), limitations, preferences, privileges, qualifications, restrictions, rights and other attributes of a whole share of the same class of shares; and in this Law the expression “share” includes a fraction of a share and no issue or purported issue of a fraction of a share shall be invalid by reason only of the fact that it was issued or purportedly issued prior to the 30th September, 1985. (4) The nominal or par value of a share may be expressed in an amount which is a fraction or a percentage of the lowest available unit of legal tender of the currency in which the capital of the company is expressed.
s.35Power to issue shares at a discount
MODIFIED(1) Subject as provided in this section, it shall be lawful for a company to issue at a discount shares in the company of a class already issued: Power to issue shares at a discount Provided that- (a) the issue of the shares at a discount have been authorised by resolution of the company, and have been sanctioned by the Court; (b) the resolution specify the maximum rate of discount at which the shares are to be issued; (c) not less than one year, at the date of the issue, has elapsed since the date on which the company was entitled to commence business; and 30 Companies Law (2004 Revision) (d) the shares to be issued at a discount are issued within one month after the date on which the issue is sanctioned by the Court or within such extended time as the Court may allow. (2) Where a company has passed a resolution authorising the issue of shares at a discount, it may apply to the Court for an order sanctioning the issue, and on any such application the Court, if, having regard to all the circumstances of the case, it thinks proper so to do, may make an order sanctioning the issue on such terms and conditions as it thinks fit. (3) Every prospectus relating to the issue of the shares must contain particulars of the discount allowed on the issue of the shares or of so much of that discount as had not been written off at the date of the issue of the prospectus. If default is made in complying with this subsection, the company and every officer of the company who is in default is liable to a default fine. (4) This section does not apply to shares issued, or proposed to be issued, without nominal or par value.
s.38Definition of member
MODIFIEDThe subscribers of the memorandum of association of any company shall be deemed to have agreed to become members of the company whose memorandum they have subscribed, and upon the registration of the company shall be entered as members on the register of members hereinafter mentioned, and every other person who has agreed to become a member of a company and whose name is entered on the register of members, shall be deemed to be a member of the company. Definition of member 35 Companies Law (2004 Revision)
s.42Penalty on company not making return
MODIFIEDAny company, not being an exempted company, who defaults in forwarding to the Registrar such lists of members or summary or the payment of any fee specified in section 41 (1) and (2) shall incur a penalty of- Penalty on company not making return (a) 33.33% of the annual fee specified in section 41 if the documents are submitted or the fee and penalty are paid between the 1st April and the 30th June; 37 Companies Law (2004 Revision) (b) 66.67% of the annual fee specified in section 41 if the documents are submitted or the fee and penalty are paid between the 1st July and the 30th September; and (c) 100% of the annual fee specified in section 41 if the documents are submitted or the fee and penalty are paid between the 1st October and the 31st December, and every director and manager of the company who knowingly and wilfully authorises or permits such default shall incur the like penalty.
s.46Remedy for improper entry or omission of entry in register
MODIFIEDIf the name of any person is, without sufficient cause, entered in or omitted from the register of members of any company, or if default is made or unnecessary delay takes place in entering on the register the fact of any person having ceased to be a member of the company, the person or member aggrieved or any member of the company or the company itself may, by motion to the Court, apply for an order that the register be rectified; and the Court may either refuse such application with or without costs to be paid by the applicant or it may, if satisfied of the justice of the case, make an order for the rectification of the register, and may direct the company to pay all the costs of such motion, application or petition, and any damages the party aggrieved may have sustained. The Court may, in any proceeding under this section, decide any question relating to the title of any person who is a party to such proceeding to have his name Remedy for improper entry or omission of entry in register 39 Companies Law (2004 Revision) entered in or omitted from the register, whether such question arises between two or more members or alleged members, or between any members or alleged members and the company, and generally, the Court may, in any such proceeding, decide any question that it may be necessary or expedient to decide for the rectification of the register: Provided that the Court may direct an issue to be tried, on which any question of law may be raised. 47. Whenever any order has been made rectifying the register, in the case of a company required by this Law to send a list of its members to the Registrar, the Court shall, by its order, direct that due notice of such rectification be given to the Registrar. Notice to Registrar of rectification of register
s.47Notice to Registrar of rectification of register
MODIFIEDIf there is no such chairman, or if at any meeting he is not present within fifteen minutes after the time appointed for holding the meeting or is unwilling to act as chairman, the members present shall choose one of their number to be chairman. 116 Companies Law (2004 Revision) 48. The chairman may, with the consent of any meeting at which a quorum is present (and shall if so directed by the meeting), adjourn the meeting from time to time and from place to place, but no business shall be transacted at any adjourned meeting other than the business left unfinished at the meeting from which the adjournment took place. When a meeting is adjourned for ten days or more, notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given as in the case of an original meeting. Save as aforesaid it shall not be necessary to give any notice of an adjournment or of the business to be transacted at an adjourned meeting. 49. At any general meeting a resolution put to the vote of the meeting shall be decided on a show of hands, unless a poll is (before or on the declaration of the result of the show of hands) demanded by at least three members present in person or by proxy entitled to vote or by one member or two members together holding not less than fifteen per cent of the paid up capital of the company, and, unless a poll is so demanded, a declaration by the chairman that a resolution has, on a show of hands, been carried, carried unanimously, carried by a particular majority or lost, and an entry to that effect in the book of the proceedings of the company, shall be conclusive evidence of the fact without proof of the number or proportion of the votes recorded in favour of, or against, that resolution. 50. If a poll is duly demanded it shall be taken in such manner as the chairman directs, and the result of the poll shall be deemed to be the resolution of the meeting at which the poll was demanded 51. In the case of an equality of votes, whether on a show of hands or on a poll, the chairman of the meeting at which the poll is demanded shall be entitled to a second or casting vote. 52. A poll demanded on the election of a chairman or on a question of adjournment shall be taken forthwith; a poll demanded on any other question shall be taken at such time as the chairman of the meeting directs. Votes of Members 53. On a show of hands every member present in person shall have one vote. On a poll every member shall have one vote for each share of which he is the holder. 54. In the case of joint holders the vote of the senior who tenders a vote, whether in person or by proxy, shall be accepted to the exclusion of the votes of the other joint holders, and for this purpose seniority shall be determined by the order in which the names stand in the register of members. 55. A member of unsound mind, or in respect of whom an order has been made by any court having jurisdiction in lunacy, may vote, whether on a show of hands 117 Companies Law (2004 Revision) or on a poll, by his committee or other person in the nature of a committee appointed by that court, and any such committee or other person may, on a poll, vote by proxy. 56. No member shall be entitled to vote at any general meeting unless all calls or other sums presently payable by him in respect of shares in the company have been paid. 57. On a poll votes may be given either personally or by proxy. 58. The instrument appointing a proxy shall be in writing under the hand of the appointor or his attorney duly authorised in writing or, if the appointor is a corporation, either under seal or under the hand of an officer or attorney duly authorised. A proxy need not be a member of the company. 59. The instrument appointing a proxy and the power of attorney or other authority, if any, under which it is signed, or a notarially certified copy of that power or authority shall be deposited at the registered office of the company not less than forty-eight hours before the time for holding the meeting or adjourned meeting at which the person named in the instrument proposes to vote, and in default the instrument of proxy shall not be treated as valid. 60. An instrument appointing a proxy may be in the following form or any other form approved by the directors- Company Limited I, , of being a member of the Company Limited hereby appoint of as my proxy, to vote for me and on my behalf at the (ordinary or extraordinary, as the case may be) general meeting of the company to be held on the day of , 20 , and at any adjournment thereof. Signed this day of , 20 . 61. The instrument appointing a proxy shall be deemed to confer authority to demand or join in demanding a poll. Corporations Acting by Representatives at Meetings 62. Any corporation which is a member of the company may, by resolution of its directors or other governing body, authorise such person as it thinks fit to act as its representative at any meeting of the company or of any class of members of the company, and the person so authorised shall be entitled to exercise the same powers on behalf of the corporation which he represents as that corporation could exercise if it were an individual member of the company. 118 Companies Law (2004 Revision) Directors 63. The number of the directors and the names of the first directors shall be determined in writing by a majority of the subscribers of the memorandum of association. 64. The remuneration of the directors shall, from time to time, be determined by the company in general meeting.
s.52Publication of name by a limited company
MODIFIEDEvery company, whether limited by shares or by guarantee, shall paint or affix, and shall keep painted or affixed, its name on the outside of every office or place in which the business of the company is carried on, or in any corridor, passage or hallway adjacent or proximate thereto, in a conspicuous position, in letters easily legible, and shall have its name in legible characters on any seal it uses, and shall have its name set out in legible characters in all notices, advertisements and other official publications of such company, and in all bills of Publication of name by a limited company 41 Companies Law (2004 Revision) exchange, promissory notes, endorsements, cheques and orders for money or goods purporting to be signed by or on behalf of such company, and in all bills of parcels, invoices, receipts and letters of credit of the company.
s.55List of directors to be sent to Registrar
MODIFIEDEvery company shall keep at its registered office a register containing the names and addresses of its directors and officers, and shall send to the Registrar a List of directors to be sent to Registrar 42 Companies Law (2004 Revision) copy of such register, and shall within thirty days notify the Registrar of any change that takes place in such directors or officers.
s.60Definition of special resolution
MODIFIED(1) A resolution is a special resolution when- Definition of special resolution (a) it has been passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds (or such greater number as may be specified in the articles of association of the company) of such members as, being entitled to do so, vote in person or, where proxies are allowed, by proxy at a general meeting of which notice specifying the intention to 43 Companies Law (2004 Revision) propose the resolution as a special resolution has been duly given; or (b) if so authorised by its articles of association, it has been approved in writing by all of the members entitled to vote at a general meeting of the company in one or more instruments each signed by one or more of the members aforesaid, and the effective date of the special resolution so adopted shall be the date on which the instrument or the last of such instruments, if more than one, is executed. (2) At any meeting mentioned in this section, unless a poll is demanded by at least one member, a declaration of the chairman that the resolution has been carried shall be conclusive evidence of the fact, without proof of the number or proportion of votes recorded in favour of or against the same. (3) Notice of any meeting shall, for the purposes of this section, be deemed to be duly given and the meeting to be duly held, whenever such notice is given and the meeting held in manner prescribed by the regulations of the company. (4) In computing the majority under this section when a poll is demanded, regard shall be had to the number of votes to which each member is entitled by the regulations of the company.
s.63Copies of special resolutions
MODIFIED(1) Where articles of association have been registered, a copy of every special resolution for the time being in force shall be annexed to or embodied in, every copy of the articles of association that may be issued after the passing of such resolution. Copies of special resolutions (2) Where no articles of association have been registered, a copy of any special resolution shall be forwarded in print to any member requesting the same, on payment of ten cents or such less sum as the company may direct. 44 Companies Law (2004 Revision) (3) Any company who fails to comply with this section shall incur a penalty of two dollars for each copy in respect of which such default is made; and every director and manager of the company who shall knowingly and wilfully authorise or permit such default shall incur the like penalty.
s.65Powers of inspectors
MODIFIEDThe qualification of a director shall be the holding of at least one share in the company. Powers and Duties of Directors 66. The business of the company shall be managed by the directors, who may pay all expenses incurred in getting up and registering the company and may exercise all such powers of the company as are not, by the Law or these articles, required to be exercised by the company in general meeting, subject nevertheless, to any regulation of these articles, to the Law and to such regulations, being not inconsistent with the aforesaid regulations or Law, as may be prescribed by the company in general meeting; but no regulation made by the company in general meeting shall invalidate any prior act of the directors which would have been valid if that regulation had not been made. 67. The directors may, from time to time, appoint one or more of their body to the office of managing director or manager for such term and at such remuneration (whether by way of salary, commission or participation in profits, or partly in one way and partly in another) as they may think fit and a director so appointed shall not, while holding that office, be subject to retirement by rotation, or taken into account in determining the rotation or retirement of directors; but his appointment shall be subject to determination ipso facto if he ceases from any cause to be a director, or if the company in general meeting resolves that his tenure of the office of managing director or manager be determined. 68. The amount for the time being remaining undischarged of moneys borrowed or raised by the directors for the purposes of the company (otherwise than by the issue of share capital) shall not, at any time, exceed the issued share capital of the company without the sanction of the company in general meeting. 69. The directors shall cause minutes to be made in books provided for the purpose- (a) of all appointments of officers made by the directors; (b) of the names of the directors present at each meeting of the directors and of any committee of the directors; and 119 Companies Law (2004 Revision) (c) of all resolutions and proceedings at all meetings of the company, and of the directors and of committees of directors, and every director present at any meeting of directors or committee of directors shall sign his name in a book to be kept for that purpose. The Seal 70. Any seal of the company shall not be affixed to any instrument except by the authority of a resolution of a board of directors, and in the presence of a director and of the secretary or such other person as the directors may appoint for the purpose; and that director and the secretary or other person as aforesaid shall sign every instrument to which any seal of the company is so affixed in their presence. Disqualification of Directors 71. The office of director shall be vacated, if the director- (a) without the consent of the company in general meeting holds any other office of profit under the company except that of managing director or manager; (b) becomes bankrupt; (c) is found to be or becomes of unsound mind; (d) resigns his office by notice in writing to the company; or (e) is directly or indirectly interested in any contract with the company or participates in the profits of any contract with the company: Provided however, that a director shall not vacate his office b y reason of his being a member of any corporation which has entered into contract with or done any work for the company if he has declared the nature of his interest at the first meeting of the directors of the company held after he became interested in the contract, but the director shall not vote in respect of any such contract or work or any matter arising thereout, and if he does so vote his vote shall not be counted. Rotation of Directors 72. At the first ordinary general meeting of the company the whole of the directors shall retire from office, and at the ordinary general meeting in every subsequent year one-third of the directors for the time being, or, if their number is not three or a multiple of three, then the number nearest one-third, shall retire from office. 120 Companies Law (2004 Revision) 73. The directors to retire in every year shall be those who have been longest in office since their last election but as between persons who became directors on the same day those to retire shall (unless they otherwise agree among themselves) be determined by lot. 74. A retiring director shall be eligible for re-election. 75. The company at the general meeting at which a director retires in manner aforesaid may fill the vacated office by electing a person thereto and in default the retiring director shall be deemed to have been re-elected unless at such meeting it is resolved not to fill such vacated office. 76. The company may, from time to time in general meeting, increase or reduce the number of directors, and may also determine in what rotation the increased or reduced number is to go out of office. 77. Any casual vacancy occurring in the board of directors may be filled by the directors, but the person so chosen shall be subject to retirement at the same time as if he had become a director on the day on which the director in whose place he is appointed was last elected a director. 78. The directors shall have power, at any time and from time to time, to appoint a person as an additional director, who shall retire from office at the next following ordinary general meeting, but shall be eligible for election by the company at that meeting as an additional director. 79. The company may, by special resolution, remove a director before the expiration of his period in office, and may, by an ordinary resolution, appoint another person in his stead. The person so appointed shall be subject to retirement at the same time as if he had become a director on the day on which the director in whose place he is appointed was last elected a director. Proceedings of Directors 80. The directors may meet together for the despatch of business, adjourn and otherwise regulate their meetings, as they think fit. Questions arising at any meeting shall be decided by a majority of votes. In case of an equality of votes the chairman shall have a second or casting vote. A director may, and the secretary on the requisition of a director shall, at any time, summon a meeting of the directors. 81. The quorum necessary for the transaction of the business of the directors may be fixed by the directors, and unless so fixed shall, when the number of directors exceeds three, be three, and when the number of directors does not exceed three, be two. 121 Companies Law (2004 Revision) 82. The continuing directors may act notwithstanding any vacancy in their body, but, if and so long as their number is reduced below the number fixed by or pursuant to the regulations of the company as the necessary quorum of directors, the continuing directors may act for the purpose of increasing the number of directors to that number, or of summoning a general meeting of the company, but for no other purpose. 83. The directors may elect a chairman of their meetings and determine the period for which he is to hold office; but if no such chairman is elected, or if at any meeting the chairman is not present within five minutes after the time appointed for holding the same, the directors present may choose one of their number to be chairman of the meeting. 84. The directors may delegate any of their powers to committees consisting of such member or members of their body as they think fit; any committee so formed shall, in the exercise of the powers so delegated, conform to any regulations that may be imposed on it by the directors. 85. A committee may elect a chairman of its meetings; if no such chairman is elected, or if at any meeting the chairman is not present within five minutes after the time appointed for holding the same, the members present may choose one of their number to be chairman of the meeting. 86. A committee may meet and adjourn as it thinks proper. Questions arising at any meeting shall be determined by a majority of votes of the members present and, in case of an equality of votes, the chairman shall have a second or casting vote. 87. All acts done by any meeting of the directors or of a committee of directors, or by any person acting as a director, shall, notwithstanding that it be afterwards discovered that there was some defect in the appointment of any such director or person acting as aforesaid, or that they or any of them were disqualified, be as valid as if every such person had been duly appointed and was qualified to be a director. Dividends and Reserve 88. The company in general meeting may declare dividends, but no dividend shall exceed the amount recommended by directors. 89. The directors may, from time to time, pay to the members such interim dividends as appear to the directors to be justified by the profits of the company. 90. No dividends shall be paid otherwise than out of profits. 122 Companies Law (2004 Revision) 91. Subject to the rights of persons, if any, entitled to shares with special rights as to dividends, all dividends shall be declared and paid according to the amounts paid on the shares, but if and so long as nothing is paid up on any of the shares in the company, dividends may be declared and paid according to the amounts of the shares. No amount paid on a share in advance of calls shall, while carrying interest, be treated for the purposes of this article as paid on the share. 92. The directors may, before recommending any dividend, set aside out of the profits of the company such sums as they think proper as a reserve or reserves which shall, at the discretion of the directors, be applicable for meeting contingencies or for equalising dividends or for any other purpose to which the profits of the company may be properly applied, and pending such application may, at the like discretion, either be employed in the business of the company or be invested in such investments (other than shares of the company) as the directors may, from time to time, think fit. 93. If several persons are registered as joint holders of any share, any of them may give effectual receipts for any dividend or other moneys payable on or in respect of the share. 94. Any dividend may be paid by cheque or warrant sent through the post to the registered address of the member or person entitled thereto or in the case of joint holders to any one of such joint holders at his registered address or to such person and such address as the member or person entitled or such joint holders, as the case may be, may direct. Every such cheque or warrant shall be made payable to the order of the person to whom it is sent or to the order of such other person as the member or person entitled or such joint holders, as the case may be, may direct. 95. No dividend shall bear interest against the company. Accounts 96. The directors shall cause proper books of account to be kept with respect to- (a) all sums of money received and expended by the company, and the matters in respect of which the receipt and expenditure takes place; and (b) all sales and purchases of goods by the company and the assets and liabilities of the company. 97. The books of account shall be kept at the registered office of the company, or at such other place or places as the directors think fit, and shall always be open to the inspection of the directors. 123 Companies Law (2004 Revision) 98. The directors shall, from time to time, determine whether and to what extent, at what times and places and under what conditions or regulations the accounts and books of the company or any of them shall be open to the inspection of members not being directors, and no member (not being a director) shall have any right of inspecting any account, book or document of the company except as conferred by law or authorised by the directors or by the company in general meeting. 99. At the ordinary general meeting in every year the directors shall cause to be prepared and shall lay before the company a profit and loss account and a balance sheet for the period since the preceding account or, (in the case of the first ordinary general meeting) since the commencement of business by the company, made up to a date not more than six months before such meeting. 100. A copy of every balance sheet (including every document required by law to be annexed thereto) which is to be laid before the company in general meeting together with a copy of the auditor’s report shall, not less than seven days before the date of the meeting, be sent to all persons entitled to receive notices of general meetings of the company. Audit 101. The accounts relating to the company’s affairs shall be audited in such manner as may be determined from time to time by the company in general meeting or, failing any such determination, by the directors. Notices 102. (1) A notice may be given by the company to any member either personally or by sending it by post to him to his registered address, or (if he has no registered address in the Islands) to the address, if any, in the Islands supplied by him to the company for the giving of notices to him. (2) Where a notice is sent by post, service of the notice shall be deemed to be effected by properly addressing, prepaying and posting a letter containing the notice, and to have been effected in the case of a notice of a meeting at the expiration of twenty-four hours after the letter containing the same is posted, and in any other case at the time at which the letter would be delivered in the ordinary course of post. 103. If a member has no registered address in the Islands and has not supplied to the company an address in the Islands for the giving of notices to him, a notice addressed to him and advertised in a daily newspaper circulating in the Islands 124 Companies Law (2004 Revision) shall be deemed to be duly given on him at noon on the day following the day on which the newspaper is circulated and the advertisement appeared therein. 104. A notice may be given by the company to the joint holders of a share by giving the notice to the joint holder named first in the register of members in respect of the share. 105. A notice may be given by the company to the persons entitled to a share in consequence of the death or bankruptcy of a member by sending it through the post in a prepaid envelope addressed to them by name, by the title of representatives of the deceased or trustee of the bankrupt or by any like description, at the address, if any, within the Islands, supplied for the purpose by the persons claiming to be so entitled, or (until such an address has been so supplied), by giving the notice in any manner in which the same might have been given if the death or bankruptcy had not occurred. 106. Notice of every general meeting shall be given in some manner hereinbefore authorised to- (a) every member except those members who (having no registered address in the Islands) have not supplied to the company an address in the Islands for the giving of notices to them; and (b) every person entitled to a share in consequence of the death or bankruptcy of a member who, but for his death or bankruptcy, would be entitled to receive notice of the meeting. No other person shall be entitled to receive notices of general meetings. 125 Companies Law (2004 Revision) SECOND
s.67Inspection by resolution of the company
MODIFIEDAny company as aforesaid may, by special resolution, appoint inspectors for the purpose of examining into the affairs of such company; and inspectors so appointed shall have the same powers and perform the same duties as inspectors appointed by the Court, except that instead of making their report to the Court, they shall make the same in such manner and to such persons as the company by Inspection by resolution of the company 45 Companies Law (2004 Revision) resolution of its members directs, and the officers and agents of the company shall incur the same penalties in case of any refusal or neglect to produce any book or document hereby required to be produced to such inspectors or answer any question, as they would have incurred if such inspectors had been appointed by the Court.
s.73Minutes of proceedings
MODIFIED(1) Every company shall cause minutes of all resolutions and proceedings of its members, whether at general meetings or otherwise, and of its directors or managers (where there are directors or managers), whether at meetings or otherwise, to be duly kept in writing. Minutes of proceedings (2) Any minute of a general meeting of the company or a meeting of the directors or managers, if purporting to be signed by the chairman of the meeting, or by the chairman of the next succeeding meeting, shall be received as evidence of the proceedings at that meeting; and until the contrary is proved, every general meeting of the company or meeting of the directors or managers in respect of the proceedings of which minutes have been so made, shall be deemed to have been duly held and convened and all resolutions passed thereat, or proceedings had, to have been duly passed and had, and all appointments of directors, managers or 46 Companies Law (2004 Revision) liquidators shall be deemed to be valid, and all acts done by such directors, managers and liquidators shall be valid, notwithstanding any defect that may afterwards be discovered in their appointments or qualifications.
s.78Unlimited liability of directors and managers
MODIFIEDThe liability of the directors, managers or the managing director of a company may, if so provided by the memorandum of association, be unlimited. Unlimited liability of directors and managers 47 Companies Law (2004 Revision)
s.80Section 80
MODIFIED(1) Where any association is about to be formed as a limited company, if it is proved to the satisfaction of the Governor that it is to be formed for the purpose of promoting commerce, art, science, religion, charity or any other useful object, and that it is the intention of such association to apply the profits, if any, or other income of the association in promoting its objects, and to prohibit the payment of any dividend to the members of the association, the Governor may, by licence under his hand and the Public Seal, direct such association to be registered with limited liability without the addition of the word “limited” to its name, and such association may be registered accordingly, and upon registration shall enjoy all the privileges and be subject to all the obligations by this Law imposed on companies, except that none of the provisions of this Law that require a company to use the word “limited” as any part of its name, or to publish its name, or to send a list of its members, directors or managers to the Registrar or to pay the fees prescribed by sections 41 and 188, shall apply to an association so registered. Circumstances in which the Governor may licence a company to be registered without “limited” in its name 48 Companies Law (2004 Revision) (2) The licence aforesaid may be granted upon such conditions and subject to such regulations as the Governor may think fit to impose, and such conditions and regulations shall be binding on the association, and shall be inserted or endorsed on the memorandum or articles of association. Contracts
s.84Power of company to have official seal for use abroad
MODIFIED(1) A company may maintain a common seal, which shall bear the name of the company in legible characters, at such place as the company may, from time to time, determine and in default of any such determination, at its registered office, and may, if so authorised by its articles of association, maintain a duplicate seal or seals, each of which shall be a facsimile of its common seal at such place or places throughout the world as it may authorise and any such duplicate seal may, but shall not be obliged to, bear on its face the name of any country, territory, district, or place where it is to be used. Power of company to have official seal for use abroad (2) A deed or instrument under seal to which any such duplicate seal is duly affixed shall bind the company as if it had been sealed with the common seal of the company. (3) A company having any such duplicate seal may authorise any person appointed for the purpose to affix the duplicate seal to any deed or other document to which the company is party. (4) The authority of any such agent shall, as between the company and any person dealing with the agent, continue during the period, if any, specified in the instrument conferring the authority, or if no period is so specified, then until notice of the revocation or determination of the authority of the agent has been given to such person. (5) The person affixing any such duplicate seal shall, by writing under his hand, certify on the deed or other instrument to which the seal is affixed the date on which it is affixed. 50 Companies Law (2004 Revision)
s.87Section 87
MODIFIED(1) Where an application is made to the Court under section 86 for the sanctioning of a compromise or arrangement proposed between a company and any such persons as are specified in that section, and it is shown to the Court that the compromise or arrangement has been proposed for the purpose of or in connection with a scheme for the reconstruction of any company or companies or Provisions for facilitating reconstruction and amalgamation of companies 51 Companies Law (2004 Revision) the amalgamation of any two or more companies, and that under the scheme the whole or any part of the undertaking or the property of any company concerned in the scheme (in this section referred to as “a transferor company”) is to be transferred to another company (in this section referred to as “the transferee company”) the Court, may either by the order sanctioning the compromise or arrangement or by any subsequent order make provision for- (a) the transfer to the transferee company of the whole or any part of the undertaking and of the property or liabilities of any transferor company; (b) the allotting or appropriation by the transferee company of any shares, debentures, policies, or other like interests in that company which under the compromise or arrangement are to be allotted or appropriated by that company to or for any person; (c) the continuation by or against the transferee company of any legal proceedings pending by or against any transferor company; (d) the dissolution, without winding up, of any transferor company; (e) the provisions to be made for any person who within such time and in such manner as the Court directs dissent from the compromise or arrangement; and (f) such incidental, consequential and supplemental matters as are necessary to secure that the reconstruction or amalgamation is fully and effectively carried out. (2) Where an order under this section provides for the transfer of property or liabilities, that property shall, by virtue of the order, be transferred to and vest in, and those liabilities shall, by virtue of the order, be transferred to and become the liabilities of, the transferee company, and any such property shall, if the order so directs, be freed from any charge which is, by virtue of the compromise or arrangement, to cease to have effect (3) Where an order is made under this section, every company in relation to which the order is made shall cause a copy thereof to be delivered to the Registrar for registration within seven days after the making of the order, and if default is made in complying with this subsection, the company and every officer of the company who is in default shall be liable to a default fine. (4) In this section- “property” includes property, rights and powers of every description; “liabilities” includes duties; and “transferee company” means any company or body corporate established in the Islands or in any other jurisdiction. 52 Companies Law (2004 Revision)
s.94Circumstances in which company may be wound up by Court
MODIFIEDA company may be wound up by the Court if- Circumstances in which company may be wound up by Court (a) the company has passed a special resolution requiring the company to be wound up by the Court; 54 Companies Law (2004 Revision) (b) the company does not commence its business within a year from its incorporation, or suspends its business for a whole year; (c) the company is unable to pay its debts; or (d) the Court is of opinion that it is just and equitable that the company should be wound up.
s.99Court may grant injunction
MODIFIEDThe Court may, at any time after the presentation of a petition for winding up a company under this Law, and before making an order for winding up the company, upon the application of the company, or of any creditor or contributory of the company, restrain further proceedings in any action, suit or proceeding against the company upon such terms as the Court thinks fit; and the Court may also, at any time after the presentation of such petition and before the first appointment of liquidators, appoint provisionally an official liquidator of the estate and effects of the company. Court may grant injunction 55 Companies Law (2004 Revision) 100. Upon hearing the petition the Court may dismiss the same with or without costs, may adjourn the hearing conditionally or unconditionally and may make any interim order or any other order that it thinks just, and any such order shall be published by Government Notice. Powers of Court on hearing of petition 101. When an order has been made for winding up a company no suit, action or other proceeding shall be proceeded with or commenced against the company except with the leave of the Court and subject to such terms as the Court may impose. Stay of proceedings after order for winding up 102. When an order has been made for winding up a company a copy of such order shall forthwith be forwarded by the company to the Registrar, who shall make a minute thereof in his books relating to the company. Copy of order to be forwarded to Registrar 103. The Court may, at any time after an order has been made for winding up a company, upon the application by motion of any creditor or contributory of the company, and upon proof to the satisfaction of the Court that all proceedings in relation to such winding up ought to be stayed, make an order staying the same either altogether or for a limited time, on such terms and subject to such conditions as it thinks fit, and any such order shall be published by Government Notice. Power of Court to stay any proceedings 104. When an order has been made for winding up a company limited by guarantee and having a capital divided into shares, any share capital that may not have been called up shall be deemed to be assets of the company, and to be a debt of the nature of a specialty due to the company from each member to the extent of any sums that may be unpaid on any shares held by him and payable at such time as may be appointed by the Court. Effect of order on share capital of company limited by guarantee 105. The Court may, as to all matters relating to the winding up, have regard to the wishes of the creditors or contributories, as proved to it by any sufficient evidence, and may, if it thinks it expedient, direct meetings of the creditors or contributories to be summoned, held and conducted in such manner as the Court directs for the purpose of ascertaining their wishes and may appoint a person to act as chairman of any such meeting, and to report to the Court the result of such meeting; and regard shall be had, as respects creditors, to the value of the debts due to each creditor, and as respects contributories, to the number of votes conferred on each contributory by the regulations of the company. Court may have regard to wishes of creditors or contributories Official Liquidators 106. For the purpose of conducting the proceedings in winding up a company and assisting the Court therein, there may be appointed one or more than one person to be called an official liquidator or official liquidators; and the Court may Appointment of official liquidator 56 Companies Law (2004 Revision) appoint to such office such person or persons, either provisionally or otherwise, as it thinks fit, and if more persons than one are appointed to such office, the Court shall declare whether any act hereby required or authorised to be done by the official liquidator is to be done by all or any or more of such persons. The Court may also determine whether any and what security is to be given by an official liquidator on his appointment; if no official liquidator is appointed, or during any vacancy in such office, all the property of the company shall be in the custody of the Court. 107. (1) Any official liquidator may resign or be removed by the Court on due cause shown; and any vacancy in the office of an official liquidator appointed by the Court shall be filled by the Court. Resignations, removals, filling of vacancies and compensation (2) There shall be paid to the official liquidator such salary or remuneration, by way of percentage or otherwise, as the Court may direct; and if more liquidators than one are appointed such remuneration shall be distributed amongst them in such proportions as the Court directs. 108. An official liquidator shall be described by the style of official liquidator of the particular company in respect of which he is appointed, and not by his individual name; he shall take into his custody or under his control all the property, effects and things in action to which the company is or appears to be entitled, and shall perform such duties in reference to the winding up of the company as may be imposed by the Court. Style and duties of official liquidators 109. An official liquidator shall have power, with the sanction of the Court- Powers of official liquidator (a) to bring or defend any action, suit, prosecution or other legal proceedings, whether civil or criminal, in the name and on behalf of the company; (b) to carry on the business of the company, so far as may be necessary for the beneficial winding up thereof; (c) to sell the real and personal property, effects and things in action of the company by public auction or private contract, with power to transfer the whole thereof to any person or company, or to sell the same in parcels; (d) to do all acts and to execute, in the name and on behalf of the company, all deeds, receipts and other documents, and for that purpose to use, when necessary, any seal of the company; (e) to prove, rank, claim and draw a dividend in the matter of the bankruptcy or insolvency of any contributory, for any balance against the estate of such contributory, and to take and receive dividends in respect of such balance, in the matter of bankruptcy or insolvency as a separate debt due from such bankruptcy or insolvency, and rateably with the other separate creditors; 57 Companies Law (2004 Revision) (f) to draw, accept, make and endorse any bill of exchange or promissory note in the name and on behalf of the company, and from time to time to raise upon the security of the assets of the company any requisite sum or sums of money; and the drawings, accepting, making or endorsing of every such bill of exchange or promissory note as aforesaid on behalf of the company shall have the same effect with respect to the liability of such company as if such bill or note had been drawn, accepted, made or endorsed by or on behalf of such company in the course of the carrying on of the business thereof; (g) to take out, if necessary, in his official name, letters of administration to any deceased contributory, and to do in his official name any other act that may be necessary for obtaining payment of any moneys due from a contributory or from his estate, but cannot be conveniently done in the name of the company, and in any such case any moneys due shall, for the purpose of enabling him to take out such letters or recover such moneys, be deemed to be due to the official liquidator himself; and (h) to do and execute all such other things as may be necessary for winding up the affairs of the company and distributing its assets. 110. The Court may, by any order, provide that the official liquidator may exercise any of the powers listed in section 109 without the sanction or intervention of the Court, and where an official liquidator is provisionally appointed, may limit and restrict his powers by the order appointing him. Discretion of official liquidator 111. The official liquidator may, with the sanction of the Court, appoint an attorney-at-law to assist him in the performance of his duties. Appointment of attorney to official liquidator Ordinary Powers of Court 112. (1) Subject to subsection (2), as soon as may be after making an order for winding up the company, the Court shall settle a list of contributories and may rectify the register of members in all cases where such rectification is required in pursuance of this Law, and shall cause the assets of the company to be collected and applied in discharge of its liabilities. Collection and application of assets (2) The collection in and application of the assets of the company referred to in subsection (1) is without prejudice to and after taking into account and giving effect to the rights of preferred and secured creditors to any agreement between the company and any creditors that the claims of such creditors shall be subordinated or otherwise deferred to the claims of any other creditors and to any rights of set-off or netting of claims between the company and any persons, 58 Companies Law (2004 Revision) whether conferred by agreement or law, and subject to any agreement between the company and any persons to waive or limit the same. 113. In settling the list of contributories the Court shall distinguish between persons who are contributories as being representatives of or being liable for the debts of others; it shall not be necessary, where the personal representative of any deceased contributory is placed on the list, to add the heirs or devisees of such contributory, nevertheless such heirs or devisees may be added as and when the Court thinks fit. Provisions as to representative contributories 114. The Court may, at any time after making an order for winding up a company, require any contributory for the time being settled on the list of contributories, trustee, receiver, banker or agent or officer of the company to pay, deliver, convey, surrender or transfer forthwith or within such time as the Court directs, to or into the hands of the official liquidator, any sum or balance and any books, papers, estate or effects which happen to be in his hands for the time being, and to which the company is prima facie entitled. Power to require delivery of property 115. (1) The Court may, at any time after making an order for winding up the company, make an order on any contributory for the time being on the list of contributories, directing payment to be made, in manner directed by the order, of any moneys due from him or from the estate of the person whom he represents, to the company, exclusive of any moneys payable by him or the estate by virtue of any call made or to be made by the Court in pursuance of this Part. Power to order payment of debts by contributory (2) The Court may, in making such order when the company is not limited, allow to such contributory by way of set-off any moneys due to him or the estate which he represents from the company on any independent dealing or contract with the company, but not any moneys due to him as a member of the company in respect of any dividend or profit. (3) When all the creditors of any company whether limited or unlimited are paid in full, any moneys due on any account whatever to any contributory from the company may be allowed to him by way of set-off against any subsequent call or calls. 116. The Court may, at any time after making an order for winding up a company and either before or after it has ascertained the sufficiency of the assets of the company, make calls on and order payment thereof by all or any of the contributories for the time being on the list of contributories, to the extent of their liability, for payment of all or any sum it thinks necessary to satisfy the debts and liabilities of the company, and the costs, charges and expenses of winding it up, and for the adjustment of the rights of the contributories amongst themselves, and it may, in making a call, take into consideration the probability that some of the Power to make calls 59 Companies Law (2004 Revision) contributories upon whom the call is made may partly or wholly fail to pay their respective portions of the same. 117. The Court may order any contributory, purchaser or other person from whom money is due to the company to pay the same into a bank to the account of the official liquidator, and such order may be enforced in the same manner as if it had directed payment to the official liquidator. Power to order payment into bank 118. All moneys, bills, notes and other securities paid and delivered into a bank in the event of a company being wound up by the Court, shall be subject to such order and regulation for the keeping of the account of such moneys and other effects, and for the payment and delivery in or investment and payment and delivery out of the same as the court may direct. Regulation of account 119. If any person made a contributory as personal representative of a deceased contributory makes default in paying any sum ordered to be paid by him, proceedings may be taken for administering either or both the personal and real estate of such deceased contributory, and of compelling payment thereout of the moneys due. Default by representative contributory 120. Any order made by the Court in pursuance of this Law upon any contributory shall, subject to the provisions herein contained for appealing against such order, be conclusive evidence that the moneys, if any, thereby appearing to be due or ordered to be paid, are due, and all other pertinent matters stated in such order are to be taken to be truly stated as against all persons, and in all proceedings whatsoever, with the exception of proceedings taken against the real estate of any deceased contributory, in which case such order shall be only prima facie evidence for the purpose of charging his real estate, unless his heirs or devisees were on the list of contributories at the time of the making of the order. Order to be conclusive evidence 121. The Court may fix a certain day or certain days on or within which creditors of the company are to prove their debts or claims, or to be excluded from the benefit of any distribution made before such debts are proved. Power to exclude creditors not proving within time fixed 122. The Court shall adjust the rights of the contributories amongst themselves, and distribute any surplus that may remain amongst the parties entitled thereto. Court to adjust rights of contributories 123. The Court may, in the event of the assets being insufficient to satisfy the liabilities, make an order as to the payment out of the assets of the company of the costs, charges and expenses incurred in winding up any company in such order of priority as the Court thinks just. Order as to costs 124. When the affairs of the company have been completely wound up, the Court shall make an order that the company be dissolved from the date of such order, and the company shall be dissolved accordingly. Dissolution of company 60 Companies Law (2004 Revision) 125. Any order so made shall be reported by the official liquidator to the Registrar, who shall make a minute accordingly in his books of the dissolution of such company. Registrar to record dissolution 126. If the official liquidator makes default in reporting to the Registrar, in the case of a company being wound up by the Court, the order that the company be dissolved, he shall be liable on summary conviction to a penalty of ten dollars for every day during which he is so in default. Penalty for not reporting dissolution of company Extraordinary Powers of Court 127. (1) The Court may, after it has made an order for winding up the company, summon before it any officer of the company or person known or suspected to have in his possession any of the estate or effects of the company, or supposed to be indebted to the company, or any person whom the Court may think capable of giving information concerning the trade, dealings, estate or effects of the company; and the Court may require any such officer or person to produce any books, papers, deeds, writings or other documents in his custody or power relating to the company. Power of Court to summon persons suspected of having property of company (2) If any person so summoned, after being tendered a reasonable sum for his expenses refuses to come before the Court at the time appointed, not having a lawful impediment (made known to the Court at the time of its sitting, and allowed by it), the Court may cause such person to be apprehended and brought before the Court for examination; nevertheless, where any person claims any lien on papers, deeds, writings or documents produced by him, such production shall be without prejudice to such lien, and the Court shall have jurisdiction in the winding up to determine all questions relating to such lien. 128. The Court may examine upon oath, either orally or upon written interrogatories, any person appearing or brought before it in manner aforesaid concerning the affairs, dealings, estate or effects of the company, and may reduce into writing the answers of every such person, and require him to subscribe the same. Examination of parties by Court 129. The Court may, at any time before or after it has made an order for winding up a company, upon proof being given that there is probable cause for believing that any contributory to such company is about to quit the Islands or otherwise abscond, or to remove or conceal any of his goods or chattels, for the purpose of evading payment of calls, or avoiding examination in respect of the affairs of the company, cause such contributory to be arrested, and his books, papers, moneys, securities for moneys, goods and chattels to be seized, and him and them to be safely kept until such time as the Court may order. Power to arrest contributory in certain cases 61 Companies Law (2004 Revision) 130. Any powers by this Law conferred on the Court shall be deemed to be in addition to and not in restriction of any other powers subsisting either at law or in equity of instituting proceedings against any contributory or the estate of any contributory or against any debtor of the company for the recovery of any call or other sums due from such contributory or debtor or his estate, and such proceedings may be instituted accordingly. Powers of Court cumulative Enforcement Orders 131. (1) All orders made by the Court under this Law may be enforced in the same manner in which orders of such Court made in any suit pending therein may be enforced. Power to enforce orders (2) Appeals from any order or decision made or given in the matter of winding up of a company before the Judge may be made to the Court of Appeal, in the same manner, and subject to the same rules and conditions as an appeal from any order or decision of the Court. Voluntary Winding up of Company 132. Subject to section 200(3), a company may be wound up voluntarily- Circumstances in which company may be wound up voluntarily (a) when the period, if any, fixed for the duration of the company by the articles of association expires, or whenever the event, if any, occurs, upon the occurrence of which it is provided by the articles of association that the company is to be dissolved, and the company has, by resolution of its members, adopted a resolution requiring the company to be wound up voluntarily; or (b) if the company has passed a special resolution requiring the company to be wound up voluntarily. 133. (1) A voluntary winding up and dissolution is to be taken to have commenced- Commencement of voluntary winding up [...]